Notational analysis
Notational analysis is an emerging technology used in professional sports for competitive advantage. Play is analyzed by annotating matches and players for tactics and techniques using a technique called Notational Analysis. Notational analysis studies gross movements or movement patterns in team sports, is primarily concerned with strategy and tactics and has a history in dance and music notation. Patterns of play which lead and did not lead to scoring against specific opponents can then be identified. This information is then exploited in subsequent matches.
References
Carling, C., Williams, A.M. and Reilly, T. (2005). The Handbook of Soccer Match Analysis. London: Routledge.